Showing posts with label Lord. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Lord. Show all posts

Wednesday, May 31, 2017

Is Your Happy Place God's Dwelling Place? (Psalm 84)


Introducing Psalm 84

I wanted to start out with a visual, but I quickly realized that I, in my limited artistic ability, could not create such a visual. So I need you to create your own visual using your imagination. Close your eyes. I want you to go to your happy place. Have you ever been told to go to your happy place? It’s some kind stress reliever to help with anxiety, depression or other kinds of stress. Now that you’re in your happy place, where are you? For some of you, I imagine that you’re in a log cabin, or a ski lodge that looks like a log cabin. You look at window and see the glistening snow softly drop on the snow-capped mountains and hills. You can’t feel the cold, though, because you’re sitting in front of the fireplace, wearing your favorite sweatshirt, wrapped in your favorite blanket, drink coffee, tea, hot cocoa, or whatever your choice hot beverage is. For others, it’s the complete opposite. You’re sitting on the beach of a Caribbean island. You’re reclining in a beach chair, toes buried in the sand. You’re overlooking the sea, so blue that you swear God created with 3,000 Flushes. The warm sun beats down on you, but’s it’s not too hot or too humid. Your beach umbrella gives you shade. A soft, gentle breeze provides cool relief every now and then. And you’re sipping on your cold beverage of choice, and that might just be an iced coffee or iced tea. Perhaps for some of you, your happy place is in the middle of the forest. The only man-made structure you see is the tent you just pitched. You’re sitting on a log, roasting a hot dog or marshmallow over the campfire. Besides the crackling of the campfire, the only sounds you can here are from nature. You look up at the night time sky, and the stars are the brightest you’ve ever seen them. For others, maybe your happy place is quite the opposite. You’re sitting on a park bench in the middle of the city park. You watch the elderly feed the birds and squirrels, you watch the children play on the playground, and you watch the cars just drive on by. On a similar note, when I told you to go to your happy place, you might have found yourself in the food plaza of the mall. You are people watching. Not the judgmental kind, but you’re awestruck and amazed at all the kinds of people God made. They come in all shapes, sizes, colors, characteristics, personalities and traits. And still yet for others, you might be on a boat out in the middle of one of Great Lakes. You recline in your boat, waiting for a fish to tug at your reel.

But let’s get honest and be sincere. When I told you to go your happy place, who find themselves in their church on Sunday morning, worshipping the Lord God? I don’t mean to guilt you, and yet I do. If I would have asked the poet who penned Psalm 84 to go to his happy place, that’s exactly where he would go in his mind. He would be in his place of worship, worshipping.

Explaining Psalm 84



84:0. Most Bibles will some kind of heading before diving into the poetic words. It would seem that the heading provided more information for the original audience, more specifically for the choirmaster or director, but for the modern-day audience it feels like it provides less information and more confusion. The heading says, “According to the gitteth.” The scholar’s best bet is that the gitteth is some kind of tune or instrument, but that’s all we know. Some commentators have suggested the word come from root meaning “winepress,” hinting that the tune might be one familiar around the fall harvest, but that’s more of a guess and less of a hypothesis. The heading also states that this psalm is “of the sons of Korah.” The “of” here more likely means “belonging to” or “performed by,” and less likely means “wrote by.” Even if it did mean that, no one could pinpoint a certain Korahite that wrote. Therefore, the author is unknown, and this commentary will refer to the author as “the psalmist.” On a similar note, no one knows the date the psalm was written. As you imagine, this heavily affects the interpretation. If you believe this psalm was written in the time of David or earlier, the dwelling place refers to the tabernacle. If you believe this psalm was written in the time of Solomon or after, the dwelling place is the temple. Each side has its own reasons, but we really can’t be sure. Both the tabernacle and temple had courtyards. Yes, Psalm 84 does later on use the word Zion, but we have to remember we are dealing with a psalm, which loves using figures of speech. “Zion” could simply be a figure of speech for meeting God. After all, Abraham met with God on Zion. In this commentary, I will simply refer to it as “the dwelling place.”

 
84:1. In the opening verse of Psalm 84, the psalmist blurts out how he admires the beauty of Yahweh’s dwelling place. This will be the theme for the first stanza of Psalm 84. In the opening, the psalmist literally calls Yahweh “the Yahweh of hosts,” as most literal English translations follow. The title for Yahweh hints at this idea that Yahweh has invited the worshipper and is hosting the worshipper.

84:2. Awestruck by the beauty of Yahweh’s dwelling place, the psalmist expresses that his whole self, both the material and immaterial, desires to dwell with Yahweh in his dwelling place. Both the verbs “long” and “faints” demonstrate an intense desire, even to the point the soul exhausts itself to fainting. The phrase “cries out” (one word in Hebrew) better translates into “sing for joy,” as most literal translations do translate it. When coupled with the word “faint,” however, the phrase adds a layer of sorrow. Together, they paint a picture of a worshipper, so overjoyed about dwelling in the presence of the Lord, and when the worshipper does not stand in the Lord’s presence, he or she suffers in pain. Rob Lacey depicts in perfectly in his paraphrased version of the Bible, The Word on the Street, where he writes, “Your place is best, God; I’m gasping for it, almost collapsing for it, God; My skin, my soul, the whole of me screams for more of you, vibrant one.” The synonymous parallelism in verse 2 demonstrates that at the heart of the psalmist longing for the Lord’s dwelling space is the longing for the Lord Himself. Whereas most Psalms, like Psalm 138, focus on the building itself, Psalm 84 focuses on the worshipper meeting God in that place. What the psalmist finds most amazing, awesome and beautiful about God’s dwelling place is that God dwells in it.

 

84:3. The psalmist then appeals to nature, in the form of a synonymous parallelism, as proof to justify his feelings. Both the sparrow and swallows are birds found aplenty in Israel. Here, “altar” is a metonym for Yahweh’s dwelling place. I can imagine that, as the psalmist wrote Psalm 84, he noticed a bird, like a sparrow or swallow make its nest nearby (or even on!) the temple. He must have thought to himself, “Hmm, even that bird knows how important it is to be close to the Lord. Should I not be the same way?” For whatever reason that bird put its nest there, the human can learn a lot from it. Perhaps the bird built its home because it felt safe there. If so, the human can learn he or she lives safely in the presence of the Lord. Maybe the bird nested there because the bird knew all it needed was nearby. In the same way, the human can learn that he or she will have all that he or she needs in the presence of the Lord. The author of Psalm 84 closes out verse 3 by calling Yahweh his king and his God. The audience should not take this as a redundancy. By calling Yahweh King, the author submits to Yahweh’s reign. By calling Yahweh God, the author acknowledges only Yahweh is worthy of worship.

84:4. The psalmist closes out his first stanza with a synthetic parallelism. He concludes that those who stand in the dwelling place of God receive a special blessing by just being there just because God is there. The psalmist goes on to explain that that the natural reaction of such emotions would cause the person standing in the presence of God to praise and worship him. The worshipper praises the Lord because he or she realizes how much privilege he or she has for standing in the presence of the Lord. The people the psalmist refers to in Psalm 84:4 most likely refer specifically to the priests and Levites, but it in general encourages the reader to seek to live in the presence of God just as much as the priests and Levites.

 

84:5. Now the psalmist has expressed his love for Yahweh’s dwelling place, the psalmist moves to describe a pilgrim’s journey getting there. In the second stanza, the psalmist wants to make it clear to his audience that blessing does not solely come from dwelling with Yahweh, but blessing can also come from the journey to Yahweh’s dwelling. Therefore, in the second stanza of Psalm 84, the psalmist describes a pilgrim on a pilgrimage to dwell in Yahweh’s dwelling place. The psalmist opens the stanza with a synthetic parallelism, granting pilgrims a blessing of strength. That blessing of strength cannot come from anyone or anywhere buy the Lord. Only those who had their hearts set on worshipping the Lord in his dwelling place would solely rely and trust on the Lord’s strength and power to get them there.

84:6. The Valley of Baka may have been a place all pilgrims would have taken to the tabernacle or temple. The context clues in verse 6 alone already hint that the Valley of Baca is a dry and arid desert. In Psalm 84:6, the psalmist paints a picture that as the pilgrim marches through the Valley of Baca, springs of water come forth, as well as pools, as a result of early rains, which, in the Hebrew seasons, is early autumn. The psalmist depicts a place going from a dry and arid desert to an oasis full of vegetation. Once again, the psalmist illustrates to the readers that the pilgrim receives such blessings because the Lord is with the pilgrim. Once again, the psalmist makes it abundantly clear that the Lord and his blessings do not have to stay confined to his dwelling place. God can dwell with his people anywhere and bless them, even in places where it may seem blessing cannot happen.

84:7. The first cola of Psalm 84:7 has caused some confusion, as the phrase “go from strength to strength” only appears here in the entire Old Testament. Some commentators have proposed it means they get stronger as time goes by, while other scholars suggest it means they travel from refuge to refuge. The latter seems to make more sense in context, especially in light of Psalm 84:6. Psalm 84:7 explicitly explains what the psalmist is trying to illustrate in Psalm 84:6. The pilgrim relies on bits and pieces of Yahweh’s strength from place to place, until the pilgrim reaches his final destination. Not a single worshipper will fall out of God’s sight or man. The Lord will make sure each and every worshipper appears before God in Zion.

84:8. The psalmist closes out his second stanza, using a synonymous parallelism. The psalmist petitions Yahweh that what he described in Psalm 84:5-8 may be so, that the pilgrim will be rewarded with blessings of provision and safety as he makes his way to Yahweh’ dwelling. The psalmist may also feel led to pray that, now that he or she has made such a journey to worship, God will indeed receive the worship as an acceptable offering.

 84:9. The closing stanza wraps up Psalm 84. First, in verse 9, the psalmist reminds Yahweh of his relationship with His people. That’s why the psalmist can use with confidence the plural possessive pronoun. Yahweh’s shield is our shield because Yahweh and his people are now in covenant.

 

84:10. Second, in verse 10, the psalmist re-iterates his love for the Lord’s dwelling. The psalmist states that a day in the courts of Yahweh is better than a thousand elsewhere. Interesting enough, the Hebrew text does not have the word “elsewhere.” Honestly, most English translations add the word “elsewhere,” with the exception of the King James Version, which leaves it out. Most scholars deem the addition necessary, for without the addition, it would sound like the psalmist says that one day in the Lord’s courts is better than one thousand days in God’s house. Some commentators, however, have suggested the psalmist might have attempted to convey another truth. If given the choice of a one-day life in the Lord’s courts or a thousand-day life outside God’s house, the psalmist would choose the one-day life, knowing he spent it in the presence of Yahweh. Either way, the second bicolon in verse 10 reaffirm the psalmist’s love for the Lord’s dwelling. If given the choice, the worshipper would rather sit at the threshold, or door, at Yahweh’s house than dwell among the tents of the wicked. Being close to the presence of God is better than no presence at all. Being the most humbled at the house of God is better than being the exalted among the wicked. While the wicked may have possessions, God is the source of all those possessions, as so much more. The singers, the Korahites, would have understood this metaphor the best. Their ancestor, Korah dwelled in the house of wicked men, as seen in Numbers 16:26. The Lord truly redeemed them. He pulled them out of that situation and gave them the role of serving as the doorkeeper to the temple (see 1 Chron. 9:19; 26:12–19)

 

84:11,12. Third, the psalmist assures himself that God has heard and answered his prayer, that God will bless those who make a pilgrimage to God’s dwelling place. The psalmist remembers that the Lord, in his very nature, wants to protect and provide. Therefore, the psalmist calls the Lord both a sun and a shield, adding to the title given in verse 9. In fact, this is the only time in the Bible the Lord is directly called a sun. Then the psalmist reminds himself that God delights in giving good things to those who done good things. If in the goodness of a person’s heart that person desires to worship God in his dwelling place, then God will bless that person with what the person needs to get there.

Illustrating Psalm 84

After reading Psalm 84, only 1 question, consisting of 2 simple words, comes to mind: "What happened?" How did we go from Psalm 84, about a person who loves the dwelling place of God so much that when he is away from it, his body and soul are hurting, to today? If you were to ask a lot of pastors today what the biggest sign is that society is becoming more secular and less friendly to Christians is, it's not something that's happening in the government, it's not something that's happening in politics, it would be that more and more children sports games are happening on Sunday mornings. And the worst part is that it's sneaking into the church. Parents will take their children to their sports games, not even blinking an eye, not even pausing to think if skipping church for the sports game is wrong or what the right decision is. It's so bad that pastors can't even feel like they can bring this concern up to their congregation. They're afraid they'll be tagged as judgmental or selfishly greedy about the tithe money or their popularity if they try to convict their congregation that is wrong to skip church for sports games. How did we get to this point?

I've studied church history and I've studied ecclesiology (that is, theology of the church) and through the study of both, I've noticed there's a lot of what I like to call "pendulum swings" in church history and church movements. The importance and significance of church is one of them. Earlier in modern church history, believe it or not, we did believe that going to church was necessary for salvation. Our thinking went somewhere along the lines of this: Real, true, good Christians go to church every Sunday. Therefore, if you do not go to church every Sunday, you're not a real Christian, you're not a true Christian, you're not a good Christian. One of the strengths of this view is that, by golly, it got people to show up for church. Your life depended on it. As you can imagine, though, it also quickly led to some very negative drawbacks. People literally thought that because they were sitting in the church pew for an hour a week, they were born again Christians, saved from hell, on the road to heaven. Heck, you even had non-Christians showing up once a week for an hour of church, just so they could tell their Christian parents that they were going to church, and their Christian parents could believe that they were good, real, true Christians, just because they were attending church. Made it a little less tense at the next family get together. Even if some people did not literally think in their minds that going to church saved you, some people would still subconsciously act like it did. In the season finale of season 3 of the hit sitcom Big Bang Theory, Sheldon Cooper meets his girlfriend Amy Farrah Fowler for the first time. Their first conversation consists of this bit of dialogue-

 

Amy Farrah Fowler: In any case, I'm here because my mother and I have agreed that I will date at least once a year.
Sheldon Cooper: Interesting. My mother and I have the same agreement about church.
Amy Farrah Fowler: I don't object to the concept of a deity, but I'm baffled by the notion of one that takes attendance.
Sheldon Cooper: Well then, you might want to avoid East Texas.

Well, Amy Farrah Fowler, I, too, am baffled by the notion of a God that takes attendance. But when you believe that going to church is a part of your salvation, you also believe God takes attendance. Then, you start acting like it, some more literally than others. When I was studying my undergrad at Lancaster Bible College, I was required to attend chapel three times a week. To prove that I was actually there in chapel, I had to scan my school ID badge before entering. I had another friend who went to a different Bible college. They too had mandatory chapel three days a week, but unlike Lancaster Bible College, they didn't have the technology to scan in, so they literally had to sign in for chapel. Yeah, obviously church is not like this. I don't have to scan in or sign into church, yet we still sometimes act like it. It's like we expect one day for Jesus to return in bodily form at our church, and the first thing he's going to do is start taking roll call. It's like we expect that when we appear before God, whether that be before the great white throne or the bema seat, we expect God to bring up our church attendance. We fear he may say something along the lines of, "You only came to church about 67% of the time? Geez, you know that 67% is a failing grade in some places. This is really going to hurt your participation points." Once again, this is all a side effect of believing that your salvation is affected by your attendance at church. And it wouldn't surprise me if some Christians today still think or act this way.

So a lot of pastors got the message out that going to church did not make you a born-again Christian, and it did not save you from the fires of hell. They emphasize that each and every person must make a personal committed relationship with Jesus Christ. That's what saved you from your sin, death and hell, and that's what put you on the path to heaven. After salvation, they emphasized a personal devotion time with God, consisting of private Bible reading and private prayer, to live out salvation. This all cause the church pendulum to swing in the opposite direction. The evangelical church has a theological term for this: reductionism. What is reductionism? If you haven't caught on yet, you'll notice what I just described emphasizes individualism: individual salvation, individual relationship with God, individual Bible reading and individual prayer. Reductionism is when the Christian faith is reduced down to these three concepts: individualize salvation through an individual relationship with Jesus, individualized Bible reading and individualized prayer. 

 Now, believe it or not, reductionism does have its strengths. As crazy as this sounds, earlier in church history, you would've been told that you cannot have a meaningful spiritual experience with God outside of church. Reductionism reminded us that you can indeed have a meaningful spiritual experience with God, even if you are alone, even if you're by yourself, even if you're out in the middle of nowhere. We go doubt that Moses had meaningful spiritual experiences with God on Mount Sinai (or Elijah for that matter in 1 Kings 19), nor do we doubt Jesus had meaningful spiritual experiences with God when he went alone to pray to his Father. But as you can imagine, this has some negative drawbacks as well. Think about it. If you individualize everything about the faith, good luck convincing anyone to do anything corporate. Therefore, the evangelical church is having the hardest time convincing people to come to church. If everything about the faith of individualized, and salvation is not dependent on church, then why bother to go? The best thing the evangelical church can do to get people into church is to convince them that the church is a service, not for God, but for you. The church is there to make sure you are spiritually healthy and spiritually fit. Just like you go to the doctor when you're sick, or you go to the mechanic to get your car fixed, the church is there to serve you, so when you get spiritually unhealthy, the church can make you spiritually healthy again, and when you're spiritually broken, the church can spiritually fix you. This view can only do so much. Let's stick with our metaphor of the doctor and the auto mechanic. You've probably been in this position before. You went to your doctor to get in your annual physical. The doctor does some tests. At the end, the doctor says, "Yeah, you're healthy. That'll be $25” (and that's assuming you have good health insurance). Similarly, you didn't do your auto mechanic to get the car inspected. Your mechanic runs a few tests. At the end, the car mechanic reports to you, "Your car is running just fine. That will be $88." In both instances, you're thinking to yourself, "Gee, I could have told them that for cheaper than what they are charging!" Well, that's how a lot of people feel about the church. If they feel like they're spiritually healthy, they see no need to go to a place that will either verify that they are spiritually healthy or disagree with them, telling them their spiritually unhealthy, and all at a price of a 10% tithe!

To sum up reductionism, I would like to quote D.G. Hart, a leader in the evangelical church, who is struggling alongside the evangelical church to decide the importance and significance of the church. D.G. Hart is quoting saying, "If, as the evangelicals believe, the most important aspect of Christianity is a personal friendship with God through private Bible reading and prayer, then who needs the ministry of the church?" And that's exactly what reductionism has done to the church. It’s left everyone questioning, “Why do I need the church?” and it has no answers.

Applying Psalm 84

At this point, I imagine you too have some questions you want answered. You might be wondering, “How can we avoid this pendulum swing? How can we get the pendulum to stop right in the middle, a balance between public, corporate church and private, individualized church, a balance between needing church for salvation and church being an optional, only desired when wanting a spiritual tune-up? What can we do?” Would I sound blasphemous or heretical if I suggested that there is nothing that we can do?

I italicized do because I want to do draw emphasis to that word. When we say we want to do something, we mean we want to act, but I think acting and doing in this case can actually be a roadblock. I assume that many of you reading this have been born again Christians for years. You know what to do. In fact, I wouldn't be surprised if you're already doing them. Even if you don't know what to do or how to act, there are tons of books and websites out there that will exhaustively list all the spiritual disciplines you can practice and how to practice them. They would do a better job than I could here and now, so anything I attempted would be redundant. Doing and acting also can be a roadblock because not all applications have to involve activity. Application can be passive, just simply be. Of course, the natural question to follow is, “How do you passively just be?” and then my temptation would be to give you a list of dos, which would be counterproductive. Trust me, I know there’s a very thin line between doing and being.

One of my pet peeves is when people start categorizing Bible verses into doctrine verses and application verses. I actually believe all the Bible is application. It's just a matter of how to apply it. That falls into 3 categories. The first category you're most familiar with as application. It is known by the theological term of orthopraxis. This theological term comes from the Greek language. The Greek prefix ortho most literally means “straight,” “upright,” “right,” or “correct,” but it also carries a connotation of “sameness,” “like-minded,” “agreement” and “consensus.” Don’t get me wrong. This does not mean “This is the right truth because we all agree on it.” Rather, it means quite the opposite. It means, “We all need to come a like-minded consensus on this truth because it is the right truth.” Once again, we already see that true Biblical application is just as much about community as it is about truth. The Greek verb praxis means “to do” or “to act” (this is where we get the English word “practice”). Therefore, the goal of orthopraxis is to get everyone to act correctly that is, acting in a godly, Christ-like manner. This is what we think of most often when we think of application, but it’s not the only application. Another application you might think of is orthodoxy. The doxy orthodoxy means “thinking.” Therefore, the goal of orthodoxy is to get everyone to think correctly, that is, thinking in a godly, Christ-like manner. I sometime call this “checking off on your doctrinal statement.” Again, a common application, but there’s still one more. The last application is orthopathy. The goal of orthopathy is to get everyone to feel correctly, that is, feeling in a godly, Christ-like manner. I believe that’s where Psalm 84 falls.

Psalm 84 isn't commanding you to do anything or act in a certain way. As stated above, you're probably already doing enough, and if not, there's plenty of other Bible verses that can teach you what to do. Psalm 84 isn't instructing you to think a certain. Psalm 84 states the truths matter-of-factly, like it's common sense. The purpose of Psalm 84 is to get you to honestly and sincerely ask yourself, “Do I have a heart to dwell in the presence of God just as psalmist in Psalm 84?” If not, then Psalm 84 motivates you to make your heart match the heart of the psalmist in Psalm 84. So does your heart match the psalmist in Psalm 84? Do you have a heart to dwell in the presence of God? Do you desire the presence of God in your life above everything else, so much so that it hurts to be apart from God’s presence? Would you go any distance just to be in God’s dwelling place? I hate to be this blunt, but if you answered no to any of those rhetorical questions, there's something wrong with you.

I know the 2 most common objections that will come up right now, and to be honest, you could target right back at me. The first and foremost object has you thinking along the lines of, “But Graham, some people just have to work on Sunday mornings to stay alive and provide a living for their family. Heck, weren’t you even working a Sunday morning job at one point?” Indeed, I was at one point in my life working every other Sunday just so I could move out of my parents’ home and move closer to my then-fiancĂ©e now-wife Carrie. (But to be fair to me, in my defense, my boss told me at my interview that Sunday mornings were voluntary. He failed to inform me that if no one volunteered, I have to work every other Sunday. If I would have known that, I probably wouldn't have taken the job.) So yes, I do understand that some people just have to work on Sunday mornings to stay alive and support their family, I get it. Heck, I would even go as far as to say that if a person worked 10 hours a day, 6 days a week, and that person slept in on Sunday mornings because it is their only day to sleep in, I understand that, too. After all, the Sabbath is to be a day of rest. I could easily accuse those who work of Sunday morning of not having enough faith to trust God to provide a job that doesn't interfere with Sunday morning worship, but a feel that’s a cop-out. What if the Lord did provide that job, in order that the person may in turn provide for his family? What if that person’s act of worship is providing a godly, Christ-like work ethic to his boss (I can relate to that)? Furthermore, I don't like that accusation because I once again feel like that's focusing too much on the do. Psalm 84 brings up questions of feeling. How do you feel about working on Sunday? For me, I hated and dreaded it! I wanted to be at church, not at work. Once the boss dismissed me, I would race to church (I will not mention how much over the speed limit I was going) hoping to catch some church, even if it was the benediction. When I no longer had to work on Sundays, I felt a joy swell up in my heart, not because I had full weekend off now, but because I could now go to church every Sunday morning to worship my Lord and King. If don’t go to church out of necessity, but your heart hates or dislikes it, then your heart is in the right place.

If you don’t go to church out of necessity, but your heart doesn’t mind it, likes it or enjoys it, I might question your heart. I will wonder and be worried that you might end up like one of Bible quizzing friends. When I was a Bible quizzer, I quizzed with this one quizzing girl. This certain girl I came to know as a sister in Christ who was really seeking God. She wanted to know all the spiritual disciplines, and she wanted to practice each and every one of them. She knew all different ways to read the Bible, and she knew all types of prayers. She practiced everything from evangelism and discipline to fasting and retreats of silence and solitude. So many Christians looked up to her for spiritual discernment. Shortly after graduating high school, she started seeking work, so she could move out of her parents’ home. The first job she found was for the local grocery store. They wanted her to work Saturday and Sunday mornings. At first, she was appalled. She had grown up going to church every Sunday as a child. Soon, though, she quickly justified skipping church work, using the extreme sides of the pendulum swing I just mentioned. She told herself that going to church doesn’t bring about salvation, so she was still a born again Christian, even though she did not attend church. She told herself that she could individually practice her faith, through private Bible reading and private prayer. Just before she took this job, we talked about it over Facebook chat. I tried to remind her of the pros and cons, but she seemed set on taking this job. I offered her my prayers, and that’s where the conversation ended. We pretty much stopped communicating after that (which might be just coincidence), but Facebook kept me updated on her, and I started noticing changes. She started smoking. She started drinking. She started cursing. She got a tattoo. Now, she’s a single mother. Now, although she no longer has that Sunday morning job, she no longer attends any church because she doesn’t like any church.

I know we could debate on whether those things I just listed are sins or not, and I’d be more than glad to have a conversation about the purpose of God giving people laws and commands (that’s for another time). What I’m trying to illustrate is that I noticed a girl go from very godly, very spiritual and very counter-cultural, to a girl who is very cultural and very worldly. I don’t want to oversimplify it, but I can only see one common denominator: she ceased going to church. Christians can no longer fool themselves into thinking they can practice the faith alone. We turn into the people around us, in one way or another. I’ll admit that one of the reasons I avoid sin is because I know that if I sin, you might stop listening to me for Biblical insight, and you might be the least judgmental person in the world! As a church, we equip, edify and encourage one another to live out godly, Christian lives. This alone is a good reason why Christians should develop hearts that desire church.

The second objection goes something along the lines of this: “But Graham, the Sabbath isn’t meant solely for worship. It’s also meant to be a day of rest. You yourself even admitted earlier that you understand if a person working 10 hours a day, 6 days a week would want to sleep in on a Sunday morning. Heck, I’ve seen you on Sunday mornings during the fall. You dart out of the church, so you can make the 1 o’clock kickoff of the football game!” Indeed, I did say that I understand a person working 10 hours a day, 6 days a week wanting to sleep in on Sunday mornings. But once again, I ask you, “Where is your heart?” If you are sleeping in on a Sunday morning to get the rest you to be a godly witness to your boss, supervisor and co-workers for the rest of the week, I get it. But if you sleep on Sunday mornings for church, but you get up early on Sunday mornings to leave for your week-long beach vacation or to grab your coffee at Starbucks before you go on a morning, then there’s a heart issue. That’s what Psalm 84 is asking us to do. Psalm 84 encourages us to honestly and sincerely ask ourselves, “Where is my heart?” and to fix it if it needs fixing.

So yes, I will confess that I do want to make the 1 o’clock football kickoff, but I know where my heart is. One time, my wife Carrie offered to buy me tickets to a 1 o’clock Philadelphia Eagles football game. I looked at her sadly and said, “But then I’ll miss church.” One time, my wife Carrie and I were planning to attend Philadelphia Eagles training camp. When I found out the only days left were Sunday mornings, I immediately cancelled those plans because I did not want to miss church. Once, Carrie and I went down to Virginia Beach for the weekend. She asked me what the one thing I wanted to do was. Of course, I told her I wanted to go to church! I can look deep inside my heart and honestly answer that I put church before football. Can you look into your heart and sincerely say that you put church before everything else?

In the commentary Opening Up the Psalms, pastor Roger Ellsworth tells this story: “One of my fellow-pastors had a church member who refused to attend church because he claimed to be unable to sit on a pew for any length of time. But one day this pastor passed by the pool hall and noticed this gentleman sitting there. Three hours later the pastor went by the pool hall again and noticed the man sitting in the same place. The pastor, thinking the pool hall must have had some very comfortable seats, went inside. The only seats he found were old, unpadded church pews!”

I’ve heard it once said, “There is no such thing as ‘busy.’ There are only priorities.” Think about it. When you say, “I’m busy,” you’re really saying, “There is something else of higher priority I must do instead, which will not allow me to do what you just asked.” We should never be busy for God or his dwelling in our lives. God and his dwelling place should be our highest priority.

Concluding Psalm 84

I get. Sometimes the struggle to desire God and his dwelling place is because we don’t have a God that we can visually see or audibly hear. That’s why we can spends hours with family or friends, yet a half hour, even a quarter hour, with God can seem like a struggle. If you do struggle with that, read the book of Revelation. To borrow the words of the Apostle Paul, right now, when we dwell in the presence of God, it is looking into a poor reflection of a dimly lit mirror. One day, though, we will dwell with God, face-to-face. Remember practicing the presence of God is just that. It’s practice for the day when we will walk with God and talk with God side-by-side, right to his face. May that thought fuel the fire of desiring God’s presence in your place of worship.

Wednesday, March 14, 2012

John 17: The Lord's Longer Prayer

If I were to inquire any Christian about the Lord’s Prayer, most of them would know immediately what I am asking about. Most of them would probably start rattling it off for me because most of them have it memorized. The “Lord’s Prayer” for Protestants is like the “Hail Mary” for Catholics. A lot of traditional Protestant Christian churches will have the Lord’s Prayer prayed in every church service. Everyone knows that prayer…yet very few people know about another prayer the Lord Jesus spoke. Perhaps Christians don’t know it because it’s too long. Maybe Christians don’t know it because Jesus didn’t teach His disciples to necessarily learn this prayer and pray this prayer. Yet this prayer can teach Christians a lot, so much that some Christians have suggested the prayer in John 17 should be the prayer actually called the “Lord’s Prayer.” In fact, some scholars have called this prayer in John 17 the “High Priestly Prayer” because Jesus talks like a High Priest in this chapter. So to learn from this chapter, I’m going to pick out special spots of interest to explain, then I’m going to use the chapter to paint the bigger picture of Jesus as the Son of God, then conclude with some good application.

Before I start taking note of things, let me remind of the setting and of the debate of the setting. The setting is not clear cut, and there are four places where this prayer could take place. The first possible place is in the Upper Room of the Last Supper, after Judas Iscariot has left. The second possible place is en route from the Upper Room to the Mount of Olives/Garden of Gethsemane, whether it be a “walking and talking” kind of deal to a pit stop outside in Jerusalem. The third possible place is the Mount of Olives, and the fourth possible place is in the Garden of Gethsemane. The first and second possibilities would make us think that it was said in public, in front of the disciples. The fourth possible place would kind of have a private feel. The third place could go either way in terms of publicly or privately. No matter where the location is, I don’t think it changes any interpretation of the prayer.

The first thing I like to note is the order that Jesus prays in. If you’re reading from the New International Version (at least, the 1984 edition), the NIV headlines John17 into 3 sections: Jesus Prays for Himself, Jesus Prays for His Disciples, Jesus Prays for All Believers. Jesus starts by praying for himself, then He prays for those people close to him (His disciples), and then He prays for other people, the ones not as close to Him (All believers). Between Christian middle school, Christian high school, Bible College, and ministry training, I’ve been told to do the opposite. First, you pray for the greater good of all humankind. This would include, but not be limited to, ending world hunger, access to clean drinking water for everyone, clothing the naked, building homes for the homeless, finding orphans loving families, ending child abuse, curing the AIDS epidemic, teaching inner-city kids how to read, bringing about world peace, keeping the earth clean, etc. (and before you know it, this portion of the prayer sounds like you’re competing to be Miss America). Second, you prayer for other people who are close to you with specific requests, or even just the general blessing on your family, relatives and friends (God bless mom, God bless dad, God bless grandma, God bless grandpa, etc.). Then you finally pray for yourself. These two methods are quite opposite. Does that mean that they are contradictory? Is Jesus wrong? Is the church/Christians wrong? I think neither of them is wrong. If you look at both methods, both agree on one thing: God, God’s Will, God’s Plan, God’s Desire, and God’s Glory all come first. All that Christians pray for, whether it is for humankind, close family & friends, or ourselves, it all should come back to God. Everything that Jesus prays for is in order for God the Father to get the glory. As Christians, when we prayer, whether it be for ourselves or others (whether those “others” are close to us or distant to us), we need to keep what God wills and desires in mind. (Also note that when Jesus prays for Himself, it is the shortest part.)

What you might notice through these 3 sections is that they all have the same basic pattern. First, Jesus states: “This is what I have done.” Then Jesus gives His request to His Father: “Now, Father, do this.” It’s almost like Jesus is saying, “I did my part, now you follow through and do your part.” Is this bossing God around or bargaining with God? It is neither. Instead, it opens up our eyes to the relationship between God the Father and God the Son. They are not fully independent of each other, yet at the same time, they are not dependant on each other. Instead, they are interdependent, which is the in-between result of dependency and independency. God the Father and God the Son work together for the greater good and to bring about glory. Ultimately, it is proof that the Father and the Son are one and the same, meaning Jesus is God.

John 17:1-5 is the section where Jesus prays for Himself. Jesus reports to the Father what He did: Jesus completed the work the Father gave Him and provided the people a way for eternal life. Jesus asks His Father to continue to give him glory up to the cross, so that God the Father may continue to the glory. The only other thing I want to point out is in verse 5. Jesus asks the Father for the same glory that Jesus had with God before the world was created. Jesus is stating that He was around before the world even came into existence. This verse shows that Jesus is just as eternal as God the Father, thus making Jesus God.

The second section is Jesus praying for His disciples, now down to eleven. Jesus starts out by reporting to the Father what He has done with His disciples, and it is quite a hefty list. First, Jesus made Hi disciples aware of God the Father (vs. 6). Second, Jesus taught His disciples the Word and made sure they obeyed it (vs.8). Third, Jesus prayed for the disciples (vs. 9). Fourth, Jesus has protected The Eleven, so they are safe (vs. 12). Fifth, Jesus commissioned them into the world (vs. 18). Sixth and last, Jesus began their process of sanctification (vs. 19). Jesus then pleads to His father on the disciples’ behalf. At least half of Christ’s requests are continuations of what Jesus began. Just as Jesus began sanctification, Jesus then asks God to continue to sanctify the disciples (vs. 17). Just as Jesus protected the disciples and kept them safe, Jesus requests that God should protect the disciples and keep them safe. But Jesus asks God for more than that. First, Jesus prays that the disciples may receive joy. Then Jesus petitions God to unify the disciples. All of these acts I see as only possible through the Holy Spirit. So although Jesus does not say it directly, I believe Jesus is requesting the Holy Spirit from the Father for His Disciples. Jesus didn’t want to break a promise that Jesus made with His disciples in chapters 14-16, so Jesus prays for it one last time to make sure it comes true.

In John 17:12, Jesus mentions he kept everyone safe and protected. In the NIV, Jesus proceeds to say, “None has been lost except the one doomed to destruction so that Scripture would be fulfilled.” This is one of the few times I don’t like the NIV because it doesn’t clearly show the wordplay here. For that, we need to look at a more literal translation. The NASB says, “not one of them perished but the son of perdition, so that the Scripture would be fulfilled.” This is much more helpful to see the wordplay. “Perdition” is pretty much the noun form of “perished.” Indeed, the Greek word for perish (apoleto) and the Greek word for perdition (apoleias) have the same root. Jesus is pretty much saying “the one who perished was the one meant to perish.” Clearly this is talking about Judas Iscariot, even though Jesus does not explicitly call him by name. And that’s the eerie part. The name Jesus gives Judas Iscariot, whether it’s “the one doomed to destruction” or “the son of perdition” (both are translations of the Greek phrase “huios tÄ“s apoleias”), is a name given to Satan Himself, the Antichrist (with a Capital A), as well as antichrists (lowercase a). This is not a name to mess around with. It talks about someone in deep trouble with God. The person with this title is almost like sin incarnate, or something close to it. This person has been destined, even predestined to hell. So yes, Judas Iscariot is in the same camp as Satan and the Antichrist. This really adds on to your views on Judas Iscariot.

Some of your Bibles (like the NIV 1984 ed. or ESV) might have a footnote marked next to the word “sanctify” in John 17:17, in attempts to explain it. If you were to read the Bible in order, starting in Genesis, this would be the first time you’d come across it. The were is not found at all in the Old Testament, and none of the Synoptic Gospels mention it. Verses 17 and 19 in John 17 are the only two verses to have the word in the whole book of John. Yet in the rest of the New Testament, the word will be used 13 more times. Sanctification plays an important role in our salvation. What does it mean? The 1984 edition of the NIV does the best explaining of it. The Greek word for “sanctify” is hagiazo, which means “to set apart for sacred use” or “to make holy.” My 4th grade Sunday School teacher, teaching this term out of Romans, had an easy way to explain the noun form “sanctification”: “Sanctification is the process of becoming more like Jesus Christ.” Now this makes perfect sense for us as Christians. Despite being saved, that does not make us immediately perfect. We still fight the sinful nature, except now we have the Holy Spirit giving us the upper hand. In the Christian life, sanctification is the process of becoming less sinful and become more holy, like God and Jesus. But what did Jesus mean when he says he sanctifies himself? Isn’t he already holy or sacred? Yes, he is. Jesus is using “sanctify” differently when talking about himself. When Christians talk about being sanctified, they are sanctified in their lives, by becoming living sacrifices. When Jesus talked about being sanctified, he’s talking about His death. His death is a holy, sacred act, and it will make sanctification possible to all humankind.

The third section is Jesus praying all believers, both the present believers and the future believers. This would include the future believers his present believers will make. Jesus only reports two things that He has done for all his believers: Jesus has made God known to the believers (vs. 26) and Jesus has given the believers God’s glory (vs. 22). Yet Christ’s list of prayer requests for them is much longer. First, Jesus prays that all believers may have unity (vs. 20-23). Second, Jesus petitions God to give the believers His love, so that the believers may pass on that love to other people (vs. 23-26). Third, Jesus requests that God will continue to give the believers glory, just as Jesus gave them glory (vs. 24). Willmington’s Bible Handbook reminds everyone that these prayer requests were answered. They began at the First Coming of Jesus Christ, and they will end, fully completed, at the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.

Now the question that might have arisen from both the section praying for the disciples and the section praying for all believers is the topic of unity. What does Jesus mean when He is praying for unity? The obvious answer would be that the disciples and believers would be unified to one another. That would seem like the most literal understanding of the topic, and some scholars do understand that’s what unity is being prayed for. Yet other scholars will shy away from. These other scholars will think about the Great Schism in 1054, the Reformation in the 1500s, and all the denominations that have resulted from both events in history. It would seem like Christ’s prayer was not answer, or was not fulfilled. So other scholars will say that Jesus is praying that the disciples and believers will be unified with God, just like Jesus is unified with God. So which one is right? Well, it all depends on how you are seeing the relationship between God and Jesus in this passage. Do you see the relation between Yahweh and Jesus as the relationship between God the Father and God the Son? If so, it would be an equal relationship, or equal unity. Then Jesus is praying that the disciples and believers would be unified with one another, for Jesus would not be praying for humans to be equal to God, but for humans to be equal with fellow humans. Do you see the relationship between Yahweh and Jesus as a relationship between God and man, or a relationship between a lord/master and his servant? If so, it would be hierarchy relationship, or a hierarchy unity. Then Jesus is praying for unity between God and believers, for believers are just as much His servants as they are His friends and His children (and even children are below their parents). It’s hard to say which view of the relationship is right, for Jesus filled both roles: He is equal to God, yet He submits to God. If you were to ask me, I would go back to the overall picture John is trying to portray for us. John is trying to show the reader that Jesus is God’s Son. A son is not above his father, but the father is above the son. Thus, the relationship is not seen as equal, but as one submitting. Therefore, the better interpretation is Jesus is asking God for His disciples and His believers to be united with God. Yet this does not mean we can throw the idea of unity between Christians out the window. Paul constantly begs in his epistles for the church to reach unity. So Christians need to pray for and seek after unity with one another, just like they are unified with God. (And some scholars will say that if Jesus was praying for believers to be united with other believers, it still hasn’t gone unanswered. There are still some orthodox doctrine that all Christians believe in, no matter what denomination they are a part of. In this way, Christians are united.)

So how does John 17 add to the whole Gospel of John? What new insight does John 17 give the reader to demonstrate to the reader that Jesus is God the Son? Count the number of times you see Jesus pray “Father” in John 17. I counted 6 times. Furthermore, it is used 122 times in the Gospel of John, 53 times in John 13-17 alone! This is new for prayer. Old Testament Jews would rarely call God their Father in prayer. When Jesus prays, He is obviously talking to God. In John 17, Jesus is calling God directly His Father (as opposed to earlier in the chapter, where Jesus references God as “Father” in the 3rd person). For a Jew to do this, this would be bold, maybe even blasphemous. Jesus sees no problem in this, for He is the Son of God, He is God, and He is equal with God.

So what can Christians learn from all this? First of all, it gives Christians good ideas about what to pray for in our daily prayers. Christians should pray for God’s glory to be revealed. Christians should pray for God to shower down love on His people, so we as Christians can pass on the love. Christians need to pray for unity between God and Christians, as well as between fellow Christians. Christians need to pray for safety, both physically and spiritually. Second, prayer can happen anywhere and be just as effective. It doesn’t matter where Jesus prayed this prayer, and it shouldn’t matter where we as Christians lift up prayers to our God. Third, we need to keep God and His Will at the center of our prayers. I remember one time my friends and I got together to pray for a common friend whose non-Christian mom was facing death. While we went around in a circle, all my friends simply prayed that God would heal her, but I felt led to pray differently. So when it came my turn, I prayed, “Lord, may she not die until she has received you as Lord and Savior.” My friend’s mom would fight off death and live. So whose prayer was answered? Obvious the former prayers were answered, but I continue to pray that the latter prayer might be answered as well. My point is when praying, even for other people’s well-being, pray with God at the center. And when God is in the center, there is no such thing as a selfish prayer.

If there is anything that this prayer in John 17 and the Lord’s Prayer has in common, it would be that both pray for God’s Kingdom to come and God’s Will to be done. May we truthfully and honestly be able to pray that every time, and allow whatever it takes for it to come true.

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